Cuidados y competencias de enfermería en la valoración, tratamiento y seguimiento de un paciente diabético con lesiones del pie / Care and nursing skills in the assessment, treatment and monitoring of diabetic patients with foot injuries

El presente artículo tiene la finalidad de compartir una experiencia asistencial, en la cuál se efectuó un tratamiento conservador en el pie de un paciente diabético, y que fue sugerido por el equipo de enfermería. En primer lugar se hace una introducción sobre los problemas en colaboración o potenciales de la diabetes, y los tratamientos mas frecuentes; luego se presenta el caso, los cuidados y seguimiento durante la internación y posteriores al alta, hasta lograr la derivación del paciente para realizar un injerto en el talón.

Chromosomal aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes from male native miners working in the Peruvian Andes

We analyzed the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes from underground miners from the Casapalca (n = 8, mean age = 45 y, range = 36 y to 55 y) and Bellavista (n = 8, mean age = 28 y, range 23 y to 34 y) high-altitude mining camps in the Peruvian Andes. This population was occupationally exposed to heavy metals such as lead and zinc as well as diesel emission particles, organic solvents and mine dust. The control groups consisted of individuals from a high altitude farming community in the Peruvian village of Tinco (n = 8, mean age = 37 y, range = 25 y to 52 y) and the sea level city of Lima (n = 14, mean age = 26 y, range = 20 y to 35 y). All individuals were male native Peruvians. A significantly higher incidence (1.88 percent, p < 0.05) of chromosomal aberrations (chromatid deletions and breaks, chromosome breaks and acentric fragments) were detected in lymphocytes from miners at the Casapalca camp as compared to miners from the Bellavista camp (0.5 percent, chromatid deletions and acentric fragments only) and the Lima sea level (0.07 percent, chromatid deletions only) and Tinco high altitude (no aberrations) controls. These results suggest that male native Peruvians occupationally exposed to underground mining activity have an increased frequency of chromosomal aberrations, which could be related to both age and exposure time. The increased chromosomal damage observed in the mining populations studied may be attributable to the complex mixture of genotoxic agents to which the miners may have been exposed.